Essentialism

Essentialism is the view that objects have a set of attributes that are necessary to their identity.

An essence characterizes a substance or a form, in the sense of the forms and ideas in Platonic Idealism. This form is permanent, unalterable, and eternal, and is present in every possible world. Classical humanism has an essentialist conception of the human, in its endorsement of the notion of an eternal and unchangeable human nature.

Essentialist view of the world has been criticized by several writers and philosophies, like Kierkegaardianism,  Marxism,  Heideggerianism,  Sartrean Existentialism, Badiouism and many other  Existential,  Materialist and most   philosophies.

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 * Essentialism