Abstract Art

Abstract Art is a type of art that does not try to show things as they look in reality, but uses shapes, colors, lines and other elements to create an effect or a feeling. Abstract Art can be completely independent from any reference to the real world, or it can be partly based on something recognizable. Abstract Art can have different meanings and purposes, such as expressing emotions, exploring forms, or experimenting with colors. Abstract Art emerged in the early 20th century as a reaction to the changes in technology, science and philosophy that challenged the traditional ways of making art. Some of the pioneers of Abstract Art were Wassily Kandinsky, Piet Mondrian, Kazimir Malevich and Naum Gabo

History
Abstract Art is a term that describes a style of art that does not aim to represent the appearance of things, but rather to express them through shapes, colors, lines and other visual elements. Abstract Art can be completely detached from any reference to the real world, or it can be partly based on something recognizable. Abstract Art can have different meanings and purposes, such as exploring the nature of art itself, expressing emotions, experimenting with forms and colors, or creating a spiritual or aesthetic experience.

The origins of Abstract Art can be traced back to the 19th century, when some artists began to question the traditional ways of making art that were based on the imitation of reality and the use of perspective. Some of these artists were influenced by Romanticism, which emphasized the role of imagination and the unconscious in art, and by Symbolism, which used abstract or symbolic forms to convey ideas or emotions. Some examples of these artists are William Blake, Gustave Moreau, Paul Gauguin and Edvard Munch.

The development of Abstract Art was also influenced by the advances in technology, science and philosophy that took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. These changes challenged the notions of reality, space and time that had been dominant since the Renaissance. Some of the fields that influenced Abstract Art were photography, which showed new ways of capturing reality; psychology, which explored the workings of the mind; physics, which revealed the nature of matter and energy; and mathematics, which introduced new geometries and systems.

The first artists who created fully abstract paintings were Kazimir Malevich and Wassily Kandinsky in Russia around 1910-1911. Malevich developed a style called Suprematism, which consisted of geometric shapes and colors arranged on a white background. He believed that this style represented the pure essence of art and the supremacy of feeling over reason. Kandinsky developed a style called Expressionism, which consisted of spontaneous and colorful forms that expressed his inner visions and emotions. He believed that this style could evoke spiritual vibrations in the viewer.

Other artists who contributed to the emergence of Abstract Art were Robert Delaunay and Sonia Delaunay in France, who created a style called Orphism, which used bright colors and circular forms to create a sense of movement and harmony; Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg in the Netherlands, who created a style called Neoplasticism or De Stijl, which used horizontal and vertical lines and primary colors to create a sense of balance and order; and Naum Gabo and Antoine Pevsner in Russia, who created a style called Constructivism, which used geometric shapes and materials to create three-dimensional structures that reflected the modern industrial society.

Abstract Art became more widespread and diverse in the following decades, as different movements and groups emerged around the world. Some of these movements were Cubism, which fragmented reality into geometric shapes; Futurism, which expressed the dynamism and speed of modern life; Dadaism, which rejected logic and reason in favor of absurdity and chance; Surrealism, which explored the realm of dreams and the unconscious; Abstraction-Création, which focused on pure abstraction without any reference to reality; Bauhaus, which combined art with design and architecture; Abstract Expressionism, which emphasized gesture and emotion through large-scale paintings; Op Art, which created optical illusions through geometric patterns; Minimalism, which reduced art to its essential elements; Conceptual Art, which prioritized ideas over forms; and many others.

Abstract Art is still alive and evolving today, as new artists continue to experiment with new forms, techniques and media. Abstract Art has also influenced other fields of art such as music, literature, dance and cinema. Abstract Art is one of the most influential and diverse styles of art in history, as it has challenged the conventions of art making and expanded the possibilities of artistic expression.

Beliefs
Abstract Art is a style of art that does not aim to represent the appearance of things, but rather to express them through shapes, colors, lines and other visual elements. Abstract Art can be completely detached from any reference to the real world, or it can be partly based on something recognizable. Abstract Art can have different meanings and purposes, depending on the beliefs and intentions of the artists and the viewers.

One of the main beliefs behind Abstract Art is that art does not need to imitate reality, but rather to create its own reality. This belief challenges the classical notion of art as a mirror of nature, and instead proposes that art is a language of signs and symbols that can communicate abstract ideas or emotions. This belief also implies that art is not bound by the rules of perspective, proportion, or realism, but rather by the principles of composition, harmony, and expression.

Another belief behind Abstract Art is that art can be a means of exploring the nature of art itself, or the nature of perception and cognition. This belief reflects the influence of technology, science and philosophy on the development of Abstract Art, as these fields revealed new aspects of reality that were not visible to the naked eye. For example, some abstract artists were inspired by photography, which showed new ways of capturing light and movement; by psychology, which explored the workings of the mind and the unconscious; by physics, which revealed the nature of matter and energy; and by mathematics, which introduced new geometries and systems. These influences led some abstract artists to experiment with new forms, techniques and media that challenged the conventional notions of art making and viewing.

Another belief behind Abstract Art is that art can be a means of creating a spiritual or aesthetic experience for the artist and the viewer. This belief reflects the influence of Romanticism and Symbolism on the emergence of Abstract Art, as these movements emphasized the role of imagination and the unconscious in art, and the expression of inner visions and emotions. Some abstract artists believed that their art could evoke spiritual vibrations in the viewer, or connect them with a higher reality or a universal harmony. Some abstract artists also believed that their art could create a sense of beauty or joy that transcended the mundane or the chaotic aspects of life.

These are some of the main beliefs behind Abstract Art, but they are not exhaustive or exclusive. Different abstract artists may have different beliefs or motivations for their art, or may combine different beliefs in their work. Moreover, different viewers may have different interpretations or reactions to abstract art, depending on their own beliefs, preferences or backgrounds. Abstract Art is a diverse and dynamic style of art that invites multiple perspectives and possibilities.